Bible vs Quran - Early Versions

Development of early scripture

It is often assumed the various names for God: Yahweh, the Father and Allah refer to the same entity with similar attributes. Unfortunately, this is not true!

The table below compares the Gods and the theological differences in understanding them.

6

 


Bible
Old Testament


Gospel
'Good News'


Bible
New Testament


Quran

AUTHOR

 

Yahweh Yahweh Holy Spirit Allah
TRANSMITTER Angel Gabrial recited Gods words in Hebrew Angel Gabrial recited Gods words in Hebrew or Aramaic Holy Spirit inspired the gospel writers Angel Gabrial recited Gods words in Arabic
PROPHET Moses Jesus No prophet spoke the NT Muhammad
AUDIENCE Moses preached his message to his followers Jesus preached the 'Good News' to the 12 disciples N/A Muhammad preached his message to his followers
Preservation (method) Written on stone, papyrus and animal skin May have been written on stone, papyrus and animal skin. It may even have been memorised Written in Greek

MMLJ (asserted by Irenaeus of Lyon in the late-2nd century as the Four Gospels)

Preserved in the 'oral' tradition. It was memorised by people. Later, it was written
Completion (date) 400 BC 36 AD 45-90 AD  
Earliest Manuscript (complete) 1000 AD No manuscript 120-150 AD  
Date difference 1400-years N/A 35 to 100 years  
Books/words 39 books/602,585 N/A 27 books/180,552 1 book/77,439
Canon period 1000-years (approx.) and in Moses lifetime In Jesus' lifetime Between 30-60 years AFTER Jesus The last 23 years of Muhammad's life
Canon determined by Gods revelation verbatim. Jewish rabbis and scholars Gods revelation verbatim Roman Emperors. Christian priests Gods revelation verbatim
Preservation (early) The Codex Sinaticus is the earliest complete OT 330–360

The Dead Sea Scrolls well-preserved Hebrew text fragments date back to 100 BC - or 300-years after they were written, but it is not the complete OT
No preserved manuscript Included:
Book of Revelation General Epistles

Excluded:
1 Clement
Shepherd of Hermas
Diatessaron
Shepherd of Hermas
Barnabas
Didache
Thomas


Esdras
Tobit
Judith
Wisdom of Solomon
Ecclesiasticus
Maccabees

Destroyed:
Gospel of Ebionites Gospel of Hebrews
Gospel of Nazarenes
 
Preserved? No
It is argued, the OT was not preserved as man would have made them into an object of worship. Wars would have be fought over it, churches, synagogues or mosques built on top of it. The item itself would be too sacred to read, and only Kings and priests would ever have access to it
No
Various political, religious factors contributed to the gospel's destruction
No
The writings of man
Yes
First gospel     60 years later. Oldest gospel is Mark During his lifetime, the Quran (in parts) was memorised, and written down
Compilation    
3XX AD Under the caliphate of Uthman all memorisers and written recordings of Quran summoned
Scribes Authority

Who was the person who instructed the compiling of the scripture?
???   Constantine?

A number of Church leaders ordered the compilation of the New Testament Bible. Due to the large number of gospels, manuscripts; early compilations of books differed from church to church
Uthman

Uthman ordered the compilation of the Quran when ....
Scribes
Prophet > Scribes

Scribes are the people who wrote down what the Prophet said, did or thought
    All 27 books in the Bible are written by unknown authors.

It is assumed the gospels bear the author's name, but this is false.

The famous ten people who form the chains of narration regarding the Quran are as follows.
Umar ibn al Khattab
Uthman bin Affan
Ali ibn abi Talib
Abu Musa al Ash'ari
Ubay Ibn Ka'b
Abdullah ibn Masood
Zayd Ibn Thabit
Abu Hurairah
Abdullah Ibn Abbas
Abu al-Darda
Scribes Compilation     180 AD The first "canon" was the Muratorian Canon is a copy of perhaps the oldest known list of most of the books of the New Testament. The fragment, consisting of 85 lines was discovered in 1740. It lists 22 of the 27 books (including the four gospels) that were later included in the New Testament of the Christian Bible - excluding Hebrews, 1 Peter, 2 Peter, James and 3 John

202 AD - Irenaeus quotes and cites 21 books that would end up as part of the New Testament, but does not use Philemon, Hebrews, James, 2 Peter, 3 John and Jude.

254 AD Origen of Alexandria may have been using the same 27 books as in the modern New Testament, though there were still disputes over the canonicity of Hebrews, James, 2 Peter, 2 and 3 John, and Revelation.

367 AD - Athanasius, Bishop of Alexandria gave a list of exactly the same books that would formally become the New Testament canon

393 AD - Synod of Hippo Regius in North Africa may have been the first council that accepted the present Catholic canon (the Canon of Trent)

397 AD - Councils of Carthage under the authority of St. Augustine regarded the canon as already closed
 
COMPLETION DATE   N/A    
      The NT was compiled over the a number of stages. The earliest fragment from 150-years after Jesus lists 22 of the 27 books. The Quran was received by Muhammad through the Angel Gabrial. Initially, it was recorded using the 'oral tradition' but later it was written down, sorted and numbered in the order set by Muhammad during his lifetime
Wikipedia    


CREDIT
https://bible.org/seriespage/5-transmission
http://www.truthnet.org/Bible-Origins/8_Transmission-of-the-Old-Testament/index.htm#_ftn1
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biblical_manuscript
http://www.bible.ca/ef/topical-the-earliest-new-testament-manuscripts.htm
  Share Article if you found it useful
2132 views · 1 day ago |   Author: Guest   •   Updated: 07 Jul 2025
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29 Feb 2016   |   3448 views · 17 hrs ago
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