Abrahamic Religions

The Abrahamic Religions, Judaism, Christianity and Islam are the most influential world religions in history

These religions are sometimes called ther "Abrahamic religions" because they trace their history back to Abraham. The chart below compares various aspects of each religion.

	Judaism	Christianity	Islam
	Shared message is to worship the one, true GOD and worship of false dieties is strictly forbidden
Prophet	Moses/Abraham	Jesus (4 BC - 30 AD)	Muhammad (570 - 632 AD)
Adherents	Jews	Christians	Muslims
History
Founded (Date)	7 BCE	33 CE	622 CE
Founded (Place)	Palestine	Palestine	Saudi Arabia
Early Expansion	Little expansion; mostly confined to Palestine	Within 60 years, churches in major cities in Palestine, Turkey, Greece and Rome; entire Roman Empire by 4th century	Within 12 years, entire Arabian peninsula; within 100 years, Muslim world stretched from the Atlantic to China
Facts
Main Locations	Israel, Europe, USA	Europe, North and South America, Africa	Middle East, Southeast Asia
Population (Today)	14 Million	2200 Million	1500 Million
Population (Rank)	12th	1st (largest)	2nd
Main Sects	Hasidic, Conservative, Reform, Ashkenazi and Sephardi Jews	Orthodox, Protestant and Roman Catholic	Sunni and Shia
Worship Place	Synagogue, Temple	Church, Chapel, Cathederal	Mosque
Holy Day	Saturday	Sunday	Friday
Scripture
Scripture	Old Testament Torah (Law), Nevi'im (Prophets) and Ketuvim (Writings)	New Testament Bible (Gospels): written by men inspired by God	Quran Quran revealed to Muhammed
Original Language	Hebrew	Aramaic	Arabic
Books	39 In Protestant Old Testaments; 51 In Catholic Old Testaments; 55 In Orthodox Bibles; 57 In Coptic Bibles	27 Books	1 Book, Hadith Books (secondary source)
Vocabulary	5,800 words	4,800 words
Text	The Old Testament provides the basis of the present day Judeo-Christian faith. It talks about the history of how the world was created, exodus of Israelites, and the Ten Commandments given to Moses by God, and also includes real life stories. The function of this text is to teach people through the experiences of people throughout history. Several books also foretell the arrival of the Messiah and the end of the world.	The New Testament, on the other hand, focuses more on the life and teachings of Jesus and the Christian church. The stories are narrated through gospels and emphasize the importance of the sacrifice of Jesus. The function of the New Testament is to lead people to follow the example of Jesus more closely. The other books, written by various authors also talk about the end of the world and last battle between good and evil.
Content	The Old Testament explains the history of the creation of the World, the exodus of Israelites, and the Ten Commandments given to Moses by God.	The New Testament focuses more on the life and teachings of Jesus and the Christian church.
What is it	Old Testament is the first division of the Christian Bible.	The New Testament is the second major division of the Christian Bible.
Language	Hebrew and Aramaic	Greek	Arabic
Religious Law	Halakhah	Canon Law	Sharia
God
Theism	Strict Monotheism	Trinitarian Monotheism	Strict Monotheism
God	One God	One God (Trinity, 3-in-1): Father, Son and Holy Spirit	One God
God (Name)	Yahweh, Elohim	Yahweh, The Holy Trinity	Allah
God's identity	The Lord is the only God (is 42:8; Is 44:6)	Trinity of God. (God the Father, the Son and the Holy Spirit.	Allah is one. There is none like Him
View on God	The God of the Old Testament was a god of law, justice, wrath, condemnation, and punishment.	The God of Jesus was the god of gospel, mercy, love, forgiveness, and salvation.
Authority
Revered Humans	Prophets	Saints, Church Fathers	Prophets, Imams (Shia)
Clergy	Rabbi	Priest, Minister, Pastor, Bishop	Imam
Spiritual Beings	Angels, Demons	Angels, Demons	Angels, Demons, Jinn
Views On Prophet
Universal	Believe in God's prophets, except Jesus and Muhammad	Believe in God's prophets, except Muhammad	Believe in all of God's prophets
Moses	Prophet	Prophet	Prophet
Muhammad	False Prophet	False Prophet	Prophet
Jesus	False Prophet, bastard child	Divine, of the Trinity. Son of God, God incarnate, Messiah, Savior of the world	Prophet of God, whose message has been corrupted
Jesus (Birth)	Normal birth	Virgin birth	Virgin birth
Jesus (Mission)	Rejected	To reconcile Man to God, through his death as a sacrifice for the sins of mankind	To encourage monotheism and worship of the Father
Jesus (Death)	Crucified for divinity claim/Normal death	Crucified for our sins/Spiritual suffering	Not crucified, raised to Heaven by God
Jesus (Resurrection)	Denied	Affirmed	Denied
Jesus (Return)	Denied	Affirmed	Affirmed
Views On
Abrahamic Religions	Islam and Christianity are false interpretations and extensions of Judaism	Judaism is a true religion, but with incomplete revelation. Islam is a false religion	Jews and Christians are respected as 'People of the Book'. Today they have wrong beliefs and partial/ corrupted revelation
Holy Spirit	Divine power given to Prophets	Part of Trinity, with the Father and Son he is worshipped	Angel Gabriel
Human Nature	Two equal impulses, good and bad	"Original sin" inherited from Adam - tendency towards evil	Equal ability to do good or evil
Sin	No original sin. Atonement for sins through forgiveness from God in repentance	All humans from Adam are inherently sinful. Jesus atoned for our sins through his death on the Cross	All humans are born sinless, but our weakness leads to sin
Forgiveness	You have to bring a lamb as a sacrifice for your sin to be forgiven.	All you have to do is to repent and you're forgiven automatically.
Salvation	By good works, prayers and grace of God	By faith in Jesus Christ	By good works, and belief in true monotheism
Salvation (God's Role)	Predestination	Predestination, various forms of grace	Divine revelation and forgiveness
End Times	God (YHWH/Adonai) will send a messenger to bring salvation on earth.	Jesus came to save the Earth
Heaven	Views vary: either heaven or no afterlife	Eternal heaven	Eternal paradise
Hell	Views vary: sinners may suffer temporary punishment, but certain sins merit eternal punishment; reincarnation or no afterlife	Eternal hell. Everlasting punishment for the unrighteous	Eternal hell. A place of torment and fire

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	Torah 5 BOOKS
	Psalms 1 BOOK
	Old Testament 32 BOOKS
	New Testament 27 BOOKS
	Apocrypha 1885 14 BOOKS
	Gospels/Texts 367 BOOKS
	Codex 120 BOOKS
	Quran 1 BOOK
	Hadith 10 BOOKS

Abrahamic Religions

The Abrahamic Religions, Judaism, Christianity and Islam are the most influential world religions in history

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