Scripture: John 20

John
Chapter: 20

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The first day of the week cometh Mary Magdalene early, when it was yet dark, unto the sepulchre, and seeth the stone taken away from the sepulchre.

JOHN 20:1

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Then she runneth, and cometh to Simon Peter, and to the other disciple, whom Jesus loved, and saith unto them, They have taken away the LORD out of the sepulchre, and we know not where they have laid him.

JOHN 20:2

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Peter therefore went forth, and that other disciple, and came to the sepulchre.

JOHN 20:3

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So they ran both together: and the other disciple did outrun Peter, and came first to the sepulchre.

JOHN 20:4

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And he stooping down, and looking in, saw the linen clothes lying; yet went he not in.

JOHN 20:5

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Then cometh Simon Peter following him, and went into the sepulchre, and seeth the linen clothes lie,

JOHN 20:6

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And the napkin, that was about his head, not lying with the linen clothes, but wrapped together in a place by itself.

JOHN 20:7

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Then went in also that other disciple, which came first to the sepulchre, and he saw, and believed.

JOHN 20:8

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For as yet they knew not the scripture, that he must rise again from the dead.

JOHN 20:9

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Then the disciples went away again unto their own home.

JOHN 20:10

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But Mary stood without at the sepulchre weeping: and as she wept, she stooped down, and looked into the sepulchre,

JOHN 20:11

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And seeth two angels in white sitting, the one at the head, and the other at the feet, where the body of Jesus had lain.

JOHN 20:12

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And they say unto her, Woman, why weepest thou? She saith unto them, Because they have taken away my LORD, and I know not where they have laid him.

JOHN 20:13

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And when she had thus said, she turned herself back, and saw Jesus standing, and knew not that it was Jesus.

JOHN 20:14

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Jesus saith unto her, Woman, why weepest thou? whom seekest thou? She, supposing him to be the gardener, saith unto him, Sir, if thou have borne him hence, tell me where thou hast laid him, and I will take him away.

JOHN 20:15

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Jesus saith unto her, Mary. She turned herself, and saith unto him, Rabboni; which is to say, Master.

JOHN 20:16

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Jesus saith unto her, Touch me not; for I am not yet ascended to my Father: but go to my brethren, and say unto them, I ascend unto my Father, and your Father; and to my God, and your God.

JOHN 20:17

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Mary Magdalene came and told the disciples that she had seen the LORD, and that he had spoken these things unto her.

JOHN 20:18

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Then the same day at evening, being the first day of the week, when the doors were shut where the disciples were assembled for fear of the Jews, came Jesus and stood in the midst, and saith unto them, Peace be unto you.

JOHN 20:19

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And when he had so said, he shewed unto them his hands and his side. Then were the disciples glad, when they saw the LORD.

JOHN 20:20

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Then said Jesus to them again, Peace be unto you: as my Father hath sent me, even so send I you.

JOHN 20:21

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And when he had said this, he breathed on them, and saith unto them, Receive ye the Holy Ghost:

JOHN 20:22

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Whose soever sins ye remit, they are remitted unto them; and whose soever sins ye retain, they are retained.

JOHN 20:23

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But Thomas, one of the twelve, called Didymus, was not with them when Jesus came.

JOHN 20:24

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The other disciples therefore said unto him, We have seen the LORD. But he said unto them, Except I shall see in his hands the print of the nails, and put my finger into the print of the nails, and thrust my hand into his side, I will not believe.

JOHN 20:25

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And after eight days again his disciples were within, and Thomas with them: then came Jesus, the doors being shut, and stood in the midst, and said, Peace be unto you.

JOHN 20:26

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Then saith he to Thomas, Reach hither thy finger, and behold my hands; and reach hither thy hand, and thrust it into my side: and be not faithless, but believing.

JOHN 20:27

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And Thomas answered and said unto him, My LORD and my God.

JOHN 20:28

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Jesus saith unto him, Thomas, because thou hast seen me, thou hast believed: blessed are they that have not seen, and yet have believed.

JOHN 20:29

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And many other signs truly did Jesus in the presence of his disciples, which are not written in this book:

JOHN 20:30

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But these are written, that ye might believe that Jesus is the Christ, the Son of God; and that believing ye might have life through his name.

JOHN 20:31

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Chapter:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21

John 20
CHURCH FATHERS: 17

1. Clement of Rome | CHURCH FATHER 97 AD

W Pope_Clement_I

John was APPROVED (75%) by Clement of Rome
(Citation; approving quotation; alluded to; acceptable with changes)

2. Ignatius of Antioch | CHURCH FATHER 110 AD

W Ignatius_of_Antioch

John was REJECTED (0%) by Ignatius of Antioch
(No mention; no quotes; opinion unknown)

3. Barnabas | CHURCH FATHER 130 AD

W Barnabas

John was REJECTED (0%) by Barnabas
(No mention; no quotes; opinion unknown)

4. Hermas | CHURCH FATHER 140 AD

W Hermas_(freedman)

John was REJECTED (0%) by Hermas
(No mention; no quotes; opinion unknown)

5. Papias of Hierapolis | CHURCH FATHER 140 AD

W Papias_of_Hierapolis

John was APPROVED (75%) by Papias of Hierapolis
(Citation; approving quotation; alluded to; acceptable with changes)

6. Polycarp | CHURCH FATHER 150 AD

W Polycarp

John was APPROVED (75%) by Polycarp
(Citation; approving quotation; alluded to; acceptable with changes)

7. Didache | CHURCH FATHER 150 AD

W Didache

John was REJECTED (0%) by Didache
(No mention; no quotes; opinion unknown)

8. Diognetus | CHURCH FATHER 150 AD

W Epistle_to_Diognetus

John was REJECTED (0%) by Diognetus
(No mention; no quotes; opinion unknown)

9. Justin Martyr | CHURCH FATHER 155 AD

W Justin_Martyr

John was FULLY ACCEPTED (100%) by Justin Martyr
(Fully accepted; true scripture; quoted approvingly)

10. Irenaeous | CHURCH FATHER 202 AD

W Irenaeus

John was FULLY ACCEPTED (100%) by Irenaeous
(Fully accepted; true scripture; quoted approvingly)

11. Clement of Alexandria | CHURCH FATHER 215 AD

W Clement_of_Alexandria

John was APPROVED (75%) by Clement of Alexandria
(Citation; approving quotation; alluded to; acceptable with changes)

12. Tertullian | CHURCH FATHER 220 AD

W Tertullian

John was APPROVED (75%) by Tertullian
(Citation; approving quotation; alluded to; acceptable with changes)

13. Origen | CHURCH FATHER 254 AD

W Origen

John was APPROVED (75%) by Origen
(Citation; approving quotation; alluded to; acceptable with changes)

14. Eusebius of Caesarea | CHURCH FATHER 340 AD

W Eusebius

John was FULLY ACCEPTED (100%) by Eusebius of Caesarea
(Fully accepted; true scripture; quoted approvingly)

15. Athanasius of Alexandria | CHURCH FATHER 367 AD

W Athanasius_of_Alexandria

John was FULLY ACCEPTED (100%) by Athanasius of Alexandria
(Fully accepted; true scripture; quoted approvingly)

16. Cyril of Jerusalem | CHURCH FATHER 386 AD

W Cyril_of_Jerusalem

John was FULLY ACCEPTED (100%) by Cyril of Jerusalem
(Fully accepted; true scripture; quoted approvingly)

17. Augustine of Hippo | CHURCH FATHER 400 AD

W Augustine of Hippo

John was FULLY ACCEPTED (100%) by Augustine of Hippo
(Fully accepted; true scripture; quoted approvingly)

John 20
BIBLE CANON: 5

A biblical canon is a set of texts (or "books") which a particular religious community regards as authoritative scripture. Christians were the first to use the term in reference to scripture.

These bible canons have developed through debate and agreement by the religious authorities.

W Biblical_canon

1. Marcion Canon | BIBLE CANON 140 AD
Marcionism was a religious movement based on the teachings of the 2nd-century Marcion of Sinope. Marcions Canon lists 14 books out of the 27 books in the New Testament. More specifically, these were Luke and Paul's 13 writings. Marcion even rejected the entire Old Testament of 39 books.

bible.ca/marcion

W Marcion_of_Sinope

John was REJECTED (0%) by Marcion Canon
(No mention; no quotes; opinion unknown)

2. Muratorian Canon | BIBLE CANON 170 AD
The Muratorian Canon is an ancient list of New Testament books - the oldest such list we have found and lists 22 of the 27 books that were later included in the New Testament of the Christian Bible.

It is noteworthy that the Muratorian Canon omits several epistles that later did win acceptance in the Christian New Testament such as the books of James and 2 Peter.

gotquestions.org/muratorian

W Muratorian_fragment

John was FULLY ACCEPTED (100%) by Muratorian Canon
(Fully accepted; true scripture; quoted approvingly)

3. Apostolic Canon | BIBLE CANON 300 AD
Apostolic Canons or Ecclesiastical Canons

W Canons_of_the_Apostles

John was FULLY ACCEPTED (100%) by Apostolic Canon
(Fully accepted; true scripture; quoted approvingly)

4. Cheltenham/ Mommsen List | BIBLE CANON 360 AD
The Cheltenham or Mommsen List is a Latin manuscript discovered by the German classical scholar Theodor Mommsen (published 1886) which probably originated in North Africa in the 4th century.

It has 24-book Old Testament and 24-book New Testament which omits Jude and James, and perhaps Hebrews, and questions the epistles of John and Peter.

bible-researcher.com/cheltenham

W Theodor_Mommsen

John was FULLY ACCEPTED (100%) by Cheltenham/ Mommsen List
(Fully accepted; true scripture; quoted approvingly)

5. Council of Rome | BIBLE CANON 382 AD
The Council of Rome was a meeting of Catholic Church officials and theologians which took place in 382 under the authority of Pope Damasus I, bishop of Rome.

According to a document appended to some manuscripts, the Council of Rome affirmed the authority of the Old and New Testament canon in a decretal or damasine list.

W Council_of_Rome

John was FULLY ACCEPTED (100%) by Council of Rome
(Fully accepted; true scripture; quoted approvingly)

John 20
TEXTUAL CRITICISM

It is impossible to think that Jesus spent his short ministry teaching in two such completely different ways, conveying such different contents, and there were simply two traditions, each going back to Jesus, one transmitting 50% of what he said and another one the other 50%, with almost no overlaps. Consequently, for the last 150 or so years scholars have had to choose.

They have almost unanimously, and I think entirely correctly, concluded that the teaching of the historical Jesus is to be sought in the synoptic gospels and that [Gospel of] John represents an advanced theological development, in which meditations on the person and work of Christ are presented in the first person, as if Jesus said them.

E.P. Sanders, The Historical Figure Of Jesus, 1993, Penguin Books, pp. 70-71

John 20
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