The apostle Paul founded the church in Corinth.
A few years after leaving the church, Paul heard some disturbing reports about the Corinthian church. They were full of pride and were excusing sexual immorality. Spiritual gifts were being used improperly, and there was rampant misunderstanding of key Christian doctrines.Paul wrote his first letter to the Corinthians in an attempt to restore the Corinthian church to its foundation, Jesus Christ.
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Authorship: (Assumed)Pliny the Younger (circa 100-103 AD)The True Authorship of the New Testament, by Abelard Reuchlin 1986 [source] |
Year Written: (Assumed)50-60 AD |
Manuscript: (Earliest Available)175-225 AD - Fragment - Papyrus(14,15,46) |
Scripture Type:Letters - PaulAn epistle (or letter) is a writing directed or sent to a person or group of people, usually an elegant and formal didactic letter. Pauls Epistles (or letters) are the 13 New Testament books which have the name Paul as the first word, hence claiming authorship by Paul. As some of the earliest Christian documents, they provide an insight into the beliefs and controversies of early Christianity and as part of the canon of the New Testament they are foundational texts for both Christian theology and ethics. |
Further Reading:earlychristianwritings.com/text/1corinthians.htmlearlychristianwritings.com/1corinthians.html www.openbible.info/geo/preview/1cor google.com/search |
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BIBLE CANONS (5) | 1 CORINTHIANSBIBLE CANON
A list of Texts a particular religious community regard as authoritative scripture1. Marcion Canon (140 AD)
Marcionism was a religious movement based on the teachings of the 2nd-century Marcion of Sinope. Marcions Canon lists 14 books out of the 27 books in the New Testament. More specifically, these were Luke and Paul's 13 writings. Marcion even rejected the entire Old Testament of 39 books.bible.ca/marcion
1 Corinthians was Fully Accepted (100%) by Marcion Canon
(Fully accepted; true scripture; quoted approvingly)
2. Muratorian Canon (170 AD)
The Muratorian Canon is an ancient list of New Testament books - the oldest such list we have found and lists 22 of the 27 books that were later included in the New Testament of the Christian Bible.It is noteworthy that the Muratorian Canon omits several epistles that later did win acceptance in the Christian New Testament such as the books of James and 2 Peter.
gotquestions.org/muratorian
1 Corinthians was Fully Accepted (100%) by Muratorian Canon
(Fully accepted; true scripture; quoted approvingly)
3. Apostolic Canon (300 AD)
Apostolic Canons or Ecclesiastical Canons1 Corinthians was Fully Accepted (100%) by Apostolic Canon
(Fully accepted; true scripture; quoted approvingly)
4. Cheltenham/ Mommsen List (360 AD)
The Cheltenham or Mommsen List is a Latin manuscript discovered by the German classical scholar Theodor Mommsen (published 1886) which probably originated in North Africa in the 4th century.It has 24-book Old Testament and 24-book New Testament which omits Jude and James, and perhaps Hebrews, and questions the epistles of John and Peter.
bible-researcher.com/cheltenham
1 Corinthians was Fully Accepted (100%) by Cheltenham/ Mommsen List
(Fully accepted; true scripture; quoted approvingly)
5. Council of Rome (382 AD)
The Council of Rome was a meeting of Catholic Church officials and theologians which took place in 382 under the authority of Pope Damasus I, bishop of Rome.According to a document appended to some manuscripts, the Council of Rome affirmed the authority of the Old and New Testament canon in a decretal or damasine list.
1 Corinthians was Fully Accepted (100%) by Council of Rome
(Fully accepted; true scripture; quoted approvingly)
In 367 AD, Bishop Athanasius of Alexandria, first gave a list of the 27-books to become the New Testament 'Bible Canon'
CHURCH FATHERS (17) | 1 CORINTHIANSCHURCH FATHERAncient and generally influential Christian theologians, eminent teachers and great bishops |
1. Clement of Rome (97 AD)1 Corinthians was Fully Accepted (100%) by Clement of Rome(Fully accepted; true scripture; quoted approvingly) |
2. Ignatius of Antioch (110 AD) |
3. Barnabas (130 AD) |
4. Hermas (140 AD)1 Corinthians was Approved (75%) by Hermas(Citation; approving quotation; alluded to; acceptable with changes) |
5. Papias of Hierapolis (140 AD) |
6. Polycarp (150 AD)1 Corinthians was Approved (75%) by Polycarp(Citation; approving quotation; alluded to; acceptable with changes) |
7. Didache (150 AD)1 Corinthians was Approved (75%) by Didache(Citation; approving quotation; alluded to; acceptable with changes) |
8. Diognetus (150 AD) |
9. Justin Martyr (155 AD)1 Corinthians was Approved (75%) by Justin Martyr(Citation; approving quotation; alluded to; acceptable with changes) |
10. Irenaeous (202 AD)1 Corinthians was Fully Accepted (100%) by Irenaeous(Fully accepted; true scripture; quoted approvingly) |
11. Clement of Alexandria (215 AD)1 Corinthians was Fully Accepted (100%) by Clement of Alexandria(Fully accepted; true scripture; quoted approvingly) |
12. Tertullian (220 AD)1 Corinthians was Approved (75%) by Tertullian(Citation; approving quotation; alluded to; acceptable with changes) |
13. Origen (254 AD)1 Corinthians was Approved (75%) by Origen(Citation; approving quotation; alluded to; acceptable with changes) |
14. Eusebius of Caesarea (340 AD)1 Corinthians was Fully Accepted (100%) by Eusebius of Caesarea(Fully accepted; true scripture; quoted approvingly) |
15. Athanasius of Alexandria (367 AD)1 Corinthians was Fully Accepted (100%) by Athanasius of Alexandria(Fully accepted; true scripture; quoted approvingly) |
16. Cyril of Jerusalem (386 AD)1 Corinthians was Fully Accepted (100%) by Cyril of Jerusalem(Fully accepted; true scripture; quoted approvingly) |
17. Augustine of Hippo (400 AD)1 Corinthians was Fully Accepted (100%) by Augustine of Hippo(Fully accepted; true scripture; quoted approvingly) |
Textual Criticism
EVIDENCE: Was Paul the Author?Today, it is assumed Paul is the author. However, it is known that Paul extensively used Scribes ('Amanuensis') to write his letters. Paul dictated his thoughts and the Scribe wrote the letter as they saw fit. Therefore, all, if not the majority of Paul's Epistles (letters) in the New Testament Bible are authored by unknown Scribes.EVIDENCE: Paul had a troubling 'Thorn'In his Corinthians letter, Paul speaks of a 'Thorn In My Flesh' troubling him. Bible scholars have 4 theories on the 'thorn':
2 Mental Illness - The 'thorn' is a mental illness (i.e. brain disorder, hallucination, schizophrenia, depression etc.) 3 Spiritual Problem - The 'thorn' is a spiritual or moral problem (i.e. demon, evil-spirit, devil possession etc.) 4 Ministerial Opposition - The 'thorn' is the Jewish persecution, opposition and resistance to Paul's ministry. This is considered a weak theory because if Paul was referring to a opposing person or movement, he would have referred to such individuals by name. EVIDENCE: Paul had Eye-Sight ProblemsIt is known that Paul used Scribes ('Amanuensis') to write his letters as he suffered from poor eye-sight and was unable to write. According to early sources, Paul was 'a short, bony, little Jew with constant running eyes from his eye problems, squinting with a very large angular nose'.See what large letters I use as I write to you with my own hand [Paul's eyesight was defective and he needed help to write]
As you know, it was because of an illness that I first preached the gospel to you, and even though my illness was a trial to you, you did not treat me with contempt or scorn. Instead, you welcomed me as if I were an angel of God, as if I were Christ Jesus himself. Where, then, is your blessing of me now? I can testify that, if you could have done so, you would have torn out your eyes and given them to me.
Paul replied, Brothers, I did not know [due to bad eye-sight] that he was the high priest; for it is written: 'Do not speak evil about the ruler of your people.'
EVIDENCE: Church was aware of Paul's Eye-Sight problemIn Galatians, Paul confirms the Galatian Church was aware of his eye-sight problem. So much so, they would have 'plucked out their own eyes and given them to him' were it possible.Where, then, is your blessing of me now? I can testify that, if you could have done so, you would have torn out your eyes and given them to me.
EVIDENCE: Paul used Scribes to write his Epistles (Letters)Paul composed his letters in accordance with the writing conventions of his time. Scribes were essential as the skills required for writing with primitive pens and paper made writing legibly a challenge.Tertius was one Roman Scribe ('Amanuensis') who wrote on behalf of Paul. Tertius wrote Paul's Epistles (letters), either from notes, ideas or direct from Paul's mouth. At the end of the Epistle (letter), Paul would conclude with personal greetings in his own writing. [John Gill's commentary] Timothy is present as Paul and Tertius write Romans. Did Timothy have any influence over the final text? If so, what was that influence? Was any text in Romans written by Timothy? I, Tertius, the one writing this letter for Paul, send my greetings, too, as one of the Lord's followers
Paul, write this greeting in my own hand. Remember my chains. Grace be with you.
I, Paul, write this greeting in my own hand, which is the distinguishing mark in all my letters. This is how I write.
I, Paul, write this greeting in my own hand.
Timothy, my co-worker, sends his greetings to you, as do Lucius, Jason and Sosipater, my fellow Jews.
EVIDENCE: Bible Scholars who consider Paul's Letter 1CORINTHIANS forged and interpolated'Interpolation' is where a Word, Verse, Passage or even entire Chapter was added to Paul's Letter, often many years after Paul had written, disseminated it or died. Bible Scholars who hold the view that Paul's Letter is interpolated include:
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SCRIPTURE TEXT (27) | 1 CORINTHIANS
1 Corinthians | Chapter: 9 | Verses: 27Chapter:1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 |
If I be not an apostle unto others, yet doubtless I am to you: for the seal of mine apostleship are ye in the Lord.
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Have we not power to lead about a sister, a wife, as well as other apostles, and as the brethren of the Lord, and Cephas?
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Who goeth a warfare any time at his own charges? who planteth a vineyard, and eateth not of the fruit thereof? or who feedeth a flock, and eateth not of the milk of the flock?
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For it is written in the law of Moses, Thou shalt not muzzle the mouth of the ox that treadeth out the corn. Doth God take care for oxen?
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Or saith he it altogether for our sakes? For our sakes, no doubt, this is written: that he that ploweth should plow in hope; and that he that thresheth in hope should be partaker of his hope.
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If we have sown unto you spiritual things, is it a great thing if we shall reap your carnal things?
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If others be partakers of this power over you, are not we rather? Nevertheless we have not used this power; but suffer all things, lest we should hinder the gospel of Christ.
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Do ye not know that they which minister about holy things live of the things of the temple? and they which wait at the altar are partakers with the altar?
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Even so hath the Lord ordained that they which preach the gospel should live of the gospel.
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But I have used none of these things: neither have I written these things, that it should be so done unto me: for it were better for me to die, than that any man should make my glorying void.
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For though I preach the gospel, I have nothing to glory of: for necessity is laid upon me; yea, woe is unto me, if I preach not the gospel!
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For if I do this thing willingly, I have a reward: but if against my will, a dispensation of the gospel is committed unto me.
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What is my reward then? Verily that, when I preach the gospel, I may make the gospel of Christ without charge, that I abuse not my power in the gospel.
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For though I be free from all men, yet have I made myself servant unto all, that I might gain the more.
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And unto the Jews I became as a Jew, that I might gain the Jews; to them that are under the law, as under the law, that I might gain them that are under the law;
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To them that are without law, as without law, (being not without law to God, but under the law to Christ,) that I might gain them that are without law.
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To the weak became I as weak, that I might gain the weak: I am made all things to all men, that I might by all means save some.
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And this I do for the gospel's sake, that I might be partaker thereof with you.
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Know ye not that they which run in a race run all, but one receiveth the prize? So run, that ye may obtain.
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And every man that striveth for the mastery is temperate in all things. Now they do it to obtain a corruptible crown; but we an incorruptible.
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I therefore so run, not as uncertainly; so fight I, not as one that beateth the air:
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But I keep under my body, and bring it into subjection: lest that by any means, when I have preached to others, I myself should be a castaway.
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1 Corinthians | Chapter: 9 | Verses: 27Chapter:1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 |
WARNING: Before You Read The Torah, Bible, Quran etc.
All SCRIPTURE TEXT has Context and Background. Text should never be read literally or in isolation. Always seek clarification from religious scholars and teachers. In general, to study Text requires four principles:1. Literal Meaning - What the Text says
2. Historical Setting - The story events; how the Text was understood in its time
3. Grammar - The surrounding sentence and paragraph; textual context
4. Synthesis - A comparison with similar Texts to give a better contextual understanding
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In accordance with Islamic etiquette, all prophet names should be followed with 'Peace Be Upon Him (PBUH)'. This is omitted to minimise text.
DISCLAIMER: All website content is for general information and educational purposes only. Whilst all information comes from sources believed to be reliable, this cannot be guaranteed. External links are provided for convenience purposes. They do not constitute endorsement or approval for any products, services or comments by organizations or individuals. External links text are edited to improve internal site and keyword search options. We bear no responsibility for the accuracy, legality, or content found on the linked external site or its subsequent links. Unless indicated, all images and content is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License distributed by Wikipedia, Wikimedia Commons, Pixabay, Pxhere, Pexels or Flickr. All Torah, Psalms, Old and New Testament Bible quotes are from the King James Version (KJV) Holy Bible in the public domain. All Quran quotes are from Taqi-ud-Din al-Hilali/Muhsin Khan English Quran translation. You are invited to always conduct your own research. If you spot any mistake, error or omission of information, contact us so we can correct it.
